Not quite the same thing, but I use the magnifier tool on iOS for closeup views of PCBs (it's under the accessibility settings).
With flash on, it can give quite a detailed look at your board. You could then strap a macro lens onto your phone if you need even more magnification.
I used to use this and also take still images, but I'm on an older iphone and apple introduced a bug which makes the still image blurry after you capture it.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mb659_4yIZ0
(I realize the youtube player really sucks for this, the effect is seen in the last second of the video but youtube just _has_ to shove its related videos screen in your face once you get near the end of the video)
What scale is this example?
If those are 5 mil traces with 5 mil spacing, then you might get better performance with a simple smartphone camera. The built in superresoloution algorithms seem to do a decent job on PCB's.
The Hugin output image at the end is pretty rough still :( With all that ado, I was hoping to see better final result
What's the magnification that you can get with such a setup?
Labsmore is a commercial option with open source software, >10x cheaper than the existing microscope vendors. https://www.labsmore.com/